GM-CSF Protein

Quality Statement:
Granulocyte-macrophagecolony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), also known as colony-stimulating factor 2(CSF2), is a monomeric glycoprotein secreted by macrophages, T cells, mastcells, natural killer cells, endothelial cells and fibroblasts that functionsas a cytokine. GM-CSF was first described as a growth factor that induces thedifferentiation and proliferation of myeloid progenitors in the bone marrow,which also has an important cytokine effect in chronic inflammatory diseases bystimulating the activation and migration of myeloid cells to inflammationsites, promoting survival of target cells and stimulating the renewal ofeffector granulocytes and macrophages. GM-CSF receptor is composed of one αchain and one β chain with low and high-affinity binding to GM-CSF,respectively, and the β chain is shared with IL-3 and IL-5 receptor. GM-CSFsignals via signal transducer and activator of transcription, STAT5. Inmacrophages, it has also been shown to signal via STAT3. The cytokine activatesmacrophages to inhibit fungal survival.

Reference:
1.Robertson S A. (2007) GM-CSF regulation of embryodevelopment and pregnancy. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev. 18(3-4): 287-298.2.Waller E K. (2007) The role of sargramostim (rhGM-CSF)as immunotherapy. Oncologist. 12: 22-26.3.Clive K S. et al. (2010) Use of GM-CSF as anadjuvant with cancer vaccines: beneficial or detrimental? Expert Rev Vaccines.9(5): 519-525.