CD83 Protein

Quality Statement:
CD83 is synthesized as a type I transmembrane glycoprotein that contains a 114 amino acid (aa) extracellular region, a 22 aa transmembrane segment, and a 39 aa cytoplasmic domain. Among costimulatory molecules, CD83 has the function of promoting the expression of other activation markers such as CD86 and the MHC class II. A variety of immune cells, including B cells, thymus-epithelial cells (TECs), T cells, DCs, and neutrophils, are known to express the CD83 molecule. CD83 is essential for the activation of T cells that regulate peripheral immune responses. CD83 is one of the markers of matDCs, as CD83 is highly expressed during DC maturation. The CD83 molecule has been identified to be expressed on many activated immune cells, including B and T lymphocytes, monocytes, dendritic cells, microglia, and neutrophils. CD83 is not a typical co-stimulatory molecule, but rather plays a key role in controlling and resolving immune responses. In addition, CD83 is an important factor in the differentiation of T and B lymphocytes and in the development and maintenance of tolerance.Two isotypes of CD83, a membrane-bound form and a soluble form.

Reference:
1.Carenza C., Calcaterra F., Oriolo F., Di Vito C., Ubezio M., Della Porta M.G., Mavilio D., Della Bella S. Costimulatory Molecules and Immune Checkpoints Are Differentially Expressed on Different Subsets of Dendritic Cells. Front. Immunol. 2019;10:1325. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2019.01325. 2.Tze L.E., Horikawa K., Domaschenz H., Howard D.R., Roots C.M., Rigby R.J., Way D.A., Ohmura-Hoshino M., Ishido S., Andoniou C.E., et al. CD83 increases MHC II and CD86 on dendritic cells by opposing IL-10-driven MARCH1-mediated ubiquitination and degradation. J. Exp. Med. 2011;208:149-165. doi: 10.1084/jem.20092203.3.Peckert-Maier K., Royzman D., Langguth P., Marosan A., Strack A., Sadeghi Shermeh A., Steinkasserer A., Zinser E., Wild A.B. Tilting the Balance: Therapeutic Prospects of CD83 as a Checkpoint Molecule Controlling Resolution of Inflammation. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2022;23:732. doi: 10.3390/ijms23020732.