IL-2 Protein

ICAM-1 is a cell surface glycoprotein expressed at a low basal level in immune, endothelial (EC) and epithelial cells, but is up-regulated in response to inflammatory stimulation. The function of ICAM-1 has been best studied in leukocyte transendothelial migration (TEM), where ICAM-1 regulates leukocyte rolling and adhesive interactions with the vessel wall, and guides leukocyte crossing of the endothelial layer. More recently, functional studies identified several new roles of ICAM-1 in epithelial injury-resolution responses, innate and adaptive immune responses in inflammation, and tumorigenesis.Interleukin-2 (IL-2) is an interleukin, a type of cytokine signaling molecule in the immune system. It regulates the activities of white blood cells (leukocytes, often lymphocytes) that are responsible for immunity. IL-2 is part of the body’s natural response to microbial infection, and in discriminating between foreign (\”non-self\”) and \”self\”. IL-2 mediates its effects by binding to IL-2 receptors, which are expressed by lymphocytes. The major sources of IL-2 are activated CD4+ T cells and activated CD8+ T cells.IL-2 has essential roles in key functions of the immune system, tolerance and immunity, primarily via its direct effects on T cells. In the thymus, where T cells mature, it prevents autoimmune diseases by promoting the differentiation of certain immature T cells into regulatory T cells, which suppress other T cells that are otherwise primed to attack normal healthy cells in the body.