Ormed according to Wang et al. [23]. Data analysis was performed as described previously [24]. All data were analyzed using the Microsoft Excel 2000 BTZ-043 software (P value, Student’s t-test) and independent-sample t-test using the SPSS (16.0) software.Supporting InformationFigure S1 The efficiency of Fl-ODNs entering pollen tubes within 3 hours. Dye number means the number of pollen tubes with Fl-ODN signals; patch-like means the number of pollen tubes, in which Fl-ODN 
signals were patch-like distributed and equal means the number of pollen tubes, in which Fl-ODN signals were equal-distributed. n = 260612. The double asterisks indicate P,0.01, asterisk indicates P,0.05. The data were calculated and analyzed by SPSS (16.0) Independent-Sample T Test. Error bars in the columns represent SD. (TIF) Figure S2 The test of potential toxic effect on pollen tube growth and pollen tube viability. Control (A,B) and AODN4 (C, D). Both of them showed high viability. A and C are bight field images. B and D are 
25331948 fluorescent images. Pollen tubes were labeled by FDA. Bar = 100mm. (TIF) Figure SCytological and Ultrastructural ObservationsWe used fluorescein diacetate (FDA) dye (1 mg/mL) to check pollen tube viability after A-ODN treatment. ODNs were labeled with Alex Fluor 488 at the C terminal (TaKaRa synthesized them) for tracing the entry pathway into pollen tubes. Pollen tubes were incubated in labeled ODNs (250 nM) in medium for at least 1 h, and then mounted on slides for observation. Images were taken with a CCD or confocal microscope (Leica SP2). After 3 h of culture, pollen tubes were used for loading FM4-64, according to a previously described method [21]. Then, the pollen tubes were centrifuged (10000 rpm) to remove the dye and were transferred to pollen order Salmon calcitonin germination medium for observation. The ultrastructural examination was according to Liao et al. [30].Capillary Electrophoresis (CE) AnalysisThe electrophoresis buffer consisted of 20 mM sodium tetraborate (pH 9.2). A new capillary was pre-treated with 1.0 M NaOH, and water for 30 min, sequentially. Prior to use, the capillary was rinsed with 0.1 M NaOH, and water for 5 min, followed by preconditioning with running buffer for 10 min. Separations were carried out at a constant voltage of 20 kV and the operating current was 25.5226 mA. The sample injection was performed 10457188 in hydrodynamic mode with sampling height at 10 cm for 42 s. The germination media containing ODN, with or without pollen, were analyzed by CE with fluorescence detection. Capillary electrophoresis was carried out using a laboratorybuilt system, based on an upright fluorescence microscope (Olympus, Japan), a photo-multiplier tube (PMT), a 630-kVCapillary electrophoresis analysis of germination medium containing ODN without pollen. The migration time of FLODN peaks kept at near 200s during 7 hours, which means early no FL-ODN degradation occurred. (TIF)AcknowledgmentsWe would like to express our gratitude to Prof. Sheila McCormick for her comments on the work and thank Dr. Jingzhe Guo for the excellent technical assistance with cell imaging using the confocal microscopy.Author ContributionsConceived and designed the experiments: FLL LW MXS. Performed the experiments: FLL LW LYZ LBY XBP. Analyzed the data: FLL LW MXS. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: MXS. Wrote the paper: FLL MXS.
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is one of the leading threats to public health in Taiwan and worldwide.[1] Carriers might develop hepatocarcinoge.Ormed according to Wang et al. [23]. Data analysis was performed as described previously [24]. All data were analyzed using the Microsoft Excel 2000 software (P value, Student’s t-test) and independent-sample t-test using the SPSS (16.0) software.Supporting InformationFigure S1 The efficiency of Fl-ODNs entering pollen tubes within 3 hours. Dye number means the number of pollen tubes with Fl-ODN signals; patch-like means the number of pollen tubes, in which Fl-ODN signals were patch-like distributed and equal means the number of pollen tubes, in which Fl-ODN signals were equal-distributed. n = 260612. The double asterisks indicate P,0.01, asterisk indicates P,0.05. The data were calculated and analyzed by SPSS (16.0) Independent-Sample T Test. Error bars in the columns represent SD. (TIF) Figure S2 The test of potential toxic effect on pollen tube growth and pollen tube viability. Control (A,B) and AODN4 (C, D). Both of them showed high viability. A and C are bight field images. B and D are 25331948 fluorescent images. Pollen tubes were labeled by FDA. Bar = 100mm. (TIF) Figure SCytological and Ultrastructural ObservationsWe used fluorescein diacetate (FDA) dye (1 mg/mL) to check pollen tube viability after A-ODN treatment. ODNs were labeled with Alex Fluor 488 at the C terminal (TaKaRa synthesized them) for tracing the entry pathway into pollen tubes. Pollen tubes were incubated in labeled ODNs (250 nM) in medium for at least 1 h, and then mounted on slides for observation. Images were taken with a CCD or confocal microscope (Leica SP2). After 3 h of culture, pollen tubes were used for loading FM4-64, according to a previously described method [21]. Then, the pollen tubes were centrifuged (10000 rpm) to remove the dye and were transferred to pollen germination medium for observation. The ultrastructural examination was according to Liao et al. [30].Capillary Electrophoresis (CE) AnalysisThe electrophoresis buffer consisted of 20 mM sodium tetraborate (pH 9.2). A new capillary was pre-treated with 1.0 M NaOH, and water for 30 min, sequentially. Prior to use, the capillary was rinsed with 0.1 M NaOH, and water for 5 min, followed by preconditioning with running buffer for 10 min. Separations were carried out at a constant voltage of 20 kV and the operating current was 25.5226 mA. The sample injection was performed 10457188 in hydrodynamic mode with sampling height at 10 cm for 42 s. The germination media containing ODN, with or without pollen, were analyzed by CE with fluorescence detection. Capillary electrophoresis was carried out using a laboratorybuilt system, based on an upright fluorescence microscope (Olympus, Japan), a photo-multiplier tube (PMT), a 630-kVCapillary electrophoresis analysis of germination medium containing ODN without pollen. The migration time of FLODN peaks kept at near 200s during 7 hours, which means early no FL-ODN degradation occurred. (TIF)AcknowledgmentsWe would like to express our gratitude to Prof. Sheila McCormick for her comments on the work and thank Dr. Jingzhe Guo for the excellent technical assistance with cell imaging using the confocal microscopy.Author ContributionsConceived and designed the experiments: FLL LW MXS. Performed the experiments: FLL LW LYZ LBY XBP. Analyzed the data: FLL LW MXS. Contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools: MXS. Wrote the paper: FLL MXS.
Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is one of the leading threats to public health in Taiwan and worldwide.[1] Carriers might develop hepatocarcinoge.
